Next Generation Traveler Information System: A Five Year Outlook

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Contact Information: Operations Feedback at OperationsFeedback@dot.gov

U.S. Department of Transportation
Federal Highway Administration
Office of Operations
1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE
Washington, DC 20590

Publication #: FHWA-HOP-15-029

August 2015

Final Report

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Notice

This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the United States Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The United States Government assumes no liability for its contents or use thereof. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation.

The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade and manufacturers' names appear in this report only because they are considered essential to the object of the document.

Quality Assurance Statement

The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) provides high-quality information to serve Government, industry, and the public in a manner that promotes public understanding. Standards and policies are used to ensure and maximize the quality, objectivity, utility, and integrity of its information. FHWA periodically reviews quality issues and adjusts its programs and processes to ensure continuous quality improvement.

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Technical Report Documentation Page

1. Report No FHWA-HOP-15-029	2. Government Accession No.		3. Recipient's Catalog No.
4. Title and Subtitle Next Generation Traveler Information System: A Five Year Outlook Final Report			5. Report Date August 2015
			6. Performing Organization Code
7. Author(s) Valerie Shuman, Shuman Consulting Group (SCG); Michael Waisley and Jeremy Schroeder, Battelle; Robert Brydia, Texas A&M Transportation Institute (TTI)			8. Performing Organization Report No.
9. Performing Organization Name and Address Battelle, 505 King Avenue, Columbus, OH 43201			10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS)
			11. Contract or Grant No. Contract No. DTFH61-12-D-00046; Task Order No. T-5012
12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration Office of Operations 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE Washington, DC 20590			13. Type of Report and Period Covered
			14. Sponsoring Agency Code
15. Supplementary Notes
16. Abstract Traveler information is in a state of significant growth and evolution. User expectations, technologies, and the roles of the major public and private participants in the transportation ecosystem are all in motion. Traditional approaches to planning for stable, long term solutions do not work well in the face of constant consumer and technology change. This report is intended to help agencies plan the next generation traveler information system so that they stay in step with their customers and with transportation network management needs. It provides a current snapshot of status in key areas such as traveler needs, technology trends, and business models. Against this backdrop, the report provides guidance on operational and technical best practices that can be used by public agencies as they develop next generation traveler information systems (NGTIS). These best practices are designed to help agencies optimize their operational approaches to provide travelers with improved functionality and generate desired transportation outcomes.
17. Key Word Next Generation Traveler Information Systems, Transportation Network Management		18. Distribution Statement No restrictions
19. Security Classif. (of this report) Unclassified	20. Security Classif. (of this page) Unclassified		21. No. of Pages 76	22. Price

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Preface

The project team would like to acknowledge the following Transportation Management Center Pooled Fund Study (TMC PFS) members for their contributions, support, and technical guidance during this project.

Elizabeth Birriel, Florida Department of Transportation
Ish Garza, Nevada Department of Transportation
Donald Gedge, Tennessee Department of Transportation
Shari Hilliard, Kansas Department of Transportation
Elise Kapphahn, Michigan Department of Transportation
Brian Kary, Minnesota Department of Transportation
Paul Keltner, Wisconsin Department of Transportation
Leslie McCoy, Pennsylvania Department of Transportation
Lisa Miller, Utah Department of Transportation
Jonathan Nelson, Missouri Department of Transportation
Suzette Peplinski, Michigan Department of Transportation

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SI^* (MODERN METRIC) CONVERSION FACTORS

APPROXIMATE CONVERSIONS TO SI UNITS
Symbol	When You Know	Multiply By	To Find	Symbol
LENGTH
in	inches	25.4	millimeters	mm
ft	feet	0.305	meters	m
yd	yards	0.914	meters	m
mi	miles	1.61	kilometers	km
AREA
in2	square inches	645.2	square millimeters	mm2
ft2	square feet	0.093	square meters	m2
yd2	square yard	0.836	square meters	m2
ac	acres	0.405	hectares	ha
mi2	square miles	2.59	square kilometers	km2
VOLUME
fl oz	fluid ounces	29.57	milliliters	mL
gal	gallons	3.785	liters	L
ft3	cubic feet	0.028	cubic meters	m3
yd3	cubic yards	0.765	cubic meters	m3
NOTE: volumes greater than 1000 L shall be shown in m3
MASS
oz	ounces	28.35	grams	g
lb	pounds	0.454	kilograms	kg
T	short tons (2000 lb)	0.907	megagrams(or "metric ton")	Mg (or "t")
TEMPERATURE (exact degrees)
oF	Fahrenheit	5 (F-32)/9 or (F-32)/1.8	Celsius	oC
ILLUMINATION
fc	foot-candles	10.76	lux	lx
fl	foot-Lamberts	3.426	candela/m2	cd/m2
FORCE and PRESSURE or STRESS
lbf	poundforce	4.45	newtons	N
lbf/in2	poundforce per square inch	6.89	kilopascals	kPa

APPROXIMATE CONVERSIONS FROM SI UNITS
Symbol	When You Know	Multiply By	To Find	Symbol
LENGTH
mm	millimeters	0.039	inches	in
m	meters	3.28	feet	ft
m	meters	1.09	yards	yd
km	kilometers	0.621	miles	mi
AREA
mm2	square millimeters	0.0016	square inches	in2
m2	square meters	10.764	square feet	ft2
m2	square meters	1.195	square yards	yd2
ha	hectares	2.47	acres	ac
km2	square kilometers	0.386	square miles	mi2
VOLUME
mL	milliliters	0.034	fluid ounces	fl oz
L	liters	0.264	gallons	gal
m3	cubic meters	35.314	cubic feet	ft3
m3	cubic meters	1.307	cubic yards	yd3
MASS
g	grams	0.035	ounces	oz
kg	kilograms	2.202	pounds	lb
Mg (or "t")	megagrams (or "metric ton")	1.103	short tons (2000 lb)	T
TEMPERATURE (exact degrees)
oC	Celsius	1.8C+32	Fahrenheit	oF
ILLUMINATION
lx	lux	0.0929	foot-candles	fc
cd/m2	candela/m2	0.2919	foot-Lamberts	fl
FORCE and PRESSURE or STRESS
N	newtons	0.225	poundforce	lbf
kPa	kilopascals	0.145	poundforce per square inch	lbf/in2

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

• EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
  • MAJOR TRENDS
  • RECOMMENDATIONS
• CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
  • 1.1 INTRODUCTION
  • 1.2 NGTIS BACKGROUND
• CHAPTER 2. TRAVELER NEEDS ROADMAP (2014-2020)
  • 2.1 WHO IS THE TRAVELER?
    • 2.1.1 Traveler Characterization Factors
    • 2.1.2 Sample Segments
    • 2.1.3 Overall Travel Trends
  • 2.2 WHAT ARE THEIR NEEDS/GOALS?
    • 2.2.1 Information Need Trends
  • 2.3 WHAT IS THEIR DAILY CONTEXT?
• CHAPTER 3. TECHNOLOGY ROADMAP (2014-2020)
  • 3.1 OFFERINGS AND OFFERING TRENDS
    • 3.1.1 Today’s Offerings
    • 3.1.2 Offering Trends
    • 3.1.3 Offering Gap Analysis
  • 3.2 TECHNOLOGY AND DEPLOYMENT TRENDS
    • 3.2.1 Collection Technologies
    • 3.2.2 Aggregation and Analysis Technologies
    • 3.2.3 Delivery Technologies
    • 3.2.4 International Trends
• CHAPTER 4. ROLES & MODELS REVIEW
  • 4.1 ROLES AND VALUE CHAINS
    • 4.1.1 Role Trends
    • 4.1.2 Public Sector Roles
  • 4.2 BUSINESS MODELS
    • 4.2.1 Public Sector Business Models
• CHAPTER 5. OPERATIONS REVIEW
  • 5.1 BUSINESS PLANNING
    • 5.1.1 Strategy Management
    • 5.1.2 Roadmapping
  • 5.2 TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION BEST PRACTICES
  • 5.3 BUILD/BUY DECISION-MAKING
  • 5.4 PARTNERSHIPS
  • 5.5 OPERATIONS CONCLUSIONS
• CHAPTER 6. REFERENCES

List of Tables

• Table 1. Sample Segment Analysis Factors (SCG)
• Table 2. RTSMIP Minimum Quality Levels (Title 23 CFR Part 511)
• Table 3. Traveler Information Delivery Technology Categories (SCG)
• Table 4. Traveler Information Apps (Brydia R. E., 2015)
• Table 5. Value Creation Opportunities (SCG)
• Table 6. FHWA Systems Engineering Retirement/Replacement (National ITS Architecture Team , 2007)

List of Figures

• Figure 1. Chart. Report Summary (SCG)
• Figure 2. Chart. TNM, Consumer, and NGTIS Relationship View (SCG)
• Figure 3. Chart. NGTIS Overview (SCG)
• Figure 4. Graph. Snapshot of transportation mode usage by generation (U.S. PIRG Education Fund, 2014)
• Figure 5. Graph. US Same-Day Delivery Market Forecast (Smith, 2014)
• Figure 6. Graph. VMT Projections under Three Scenarios of Future Growth (U.S. PIRG Education Fund, 2014)
• Figure 7. Chart. Traveler Perspective (SCG)
• Figure 8. Chart. Traveler Information Roadmap (SCG)
• Figure 9. Graph. Annual Person Trips and Person Miles per Capita by Urban/Rural (US DOT, 2013)
• Figure 10. Map. State-level Connectivity Continuum (File, 2013)
• Figure 11. Graph. Demographic Composition of Social Networks (Hoelzel, 2015)
• Figure 12. Chart. Impact of Social Media in Multiple Operational Contexts (Pender, 2014)
• Figure 13. Photo. Google Maps “Faster Route” Feature (Google.com)
• Figure 14. Graph. Information Types Disseminated by Freeway and Arterial Agencies (Gordon & Trombly, 2014)
• Figure 15. Illustration. Traffic Data Collection Technologies (INRIX.com)
• Figure 16. Graph. Media Used by Transit Agencies (Gordon & Trombly, 2014)
• Figure 17. Graph. Traveler Information Distribution Methods – Freeway and Arterial Agencies (Gordon & Trombly, 2014)
• Figure 18. Graph. State DOT Social Media Adoption (AASHTO, 2014)
• Figure 19. Graph. Pre-Trip Information Usage (Robinson, Jacobs, Frankle, Serulle, & Pack, 2012)
• Figure 20. Chart. 511/IVR Tracking Framework (SCG)
• Figure 21. Chart. Traveler Information Value Chain (SCG)
• Figure 22. Chart. NGTIS / Big Data Landscape Example (Lawson, 2015)
• Figure 23. Chart. Value Chain / Value Opportunity Review (SCG)
• Figure 24. Chart. Strategy Framework (SCG)
• Figure 25. Chart. Roadmap Framework Example (SCG)
• Figure 26. Chart. Partnership Example (SCG)

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

AASHTO	American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
ATDM	Active Transportation and Demand Management
ATIS	Advanced Traveler Information System
B2B	Business to Business
B2C	Business to Consumer
CAGR	Compound Annual Growth Rate
Caltrans	California Department of Transportation
DMS	Dynamic Message Sign
DOD	Department of Defense
ETA	Estimated Time of Arrival
FGDC	Federal Geographic Data Committee
GPS	Global Positioning System
HAR	Highway Advisory Radio
ISO	International Organization for Standardization
ITIL	Information Technology Infrastructure Library
ITS	Intelligent Transportation System
IVR	Interactive Voice Response
MAP-21	Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act
NGTIS	Next Generation Traveler Information Systems
OEM	Original Equipment Manufacturer
PND	Personal Navigation Device
RTSMIP	Real-Time System Management Information Program
RTTI	Real Time Traveler Information
SAFETEA-LU	Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users
SRTI	Safety-Related Traffic Information
TMC	Traffic Management Center
TNM	Transportation Network Management
US DOT	United States Department of Transportation
VMT	Vehicle Miles Traveled