Transportation Management Plan Effectiveness Framework and Pilot
Appendix A. Expected Strategy Impacts, Frequency of Use, and Current Understanding of Effectiveness
Transportation Management Plan Strategies | Types of Impacts | Frequency of Use1 | Current Understanding of Effectiveness1 |
---|---|---|---|
Strategic construction phasing | Reduces project duration, frequency of capacity-reducing activities | H | H |
Full Roadway Closures | Increases work productivity and efficiency, reducing project duration; reduces worker risks | M | M |
Lane shifts or closures–Reduced lane widths to maintain number of lanes (constriction) | Maintains greater capacity than allowing lane(s) to be closed | H | H |
Lane shifts or closures–Lane closures to provide worker safety | Increases buffer distance to reduce worker risks | M | M |
Lane shifts or closures–Reduced shoulder width to maintain number of lanes | Maintains greater capacity than allowing lane(s) to be closed | H | H |
Lane shifts or closures–Shoulder closures to provide worker safety | Increases buffer distance to reduce worker risks | M | M |
Lane shifts or closures–Lane shift to shoulder/median to maintain number of lanes | Maintains greater capacity than allowing lane(s) to be closed. | H | M |
One-lane, two-way operation | Increases capacity by allowing travelers to use facility instead of closing it completely while doing work | M | H |
Two-way traffic on one side of divided facility (crossover) | Reduces worker risks; can reduce project duration | M | M |
Reversible lanes | Allows additional capacity to be used for peak direction traffic flows (compared to a static lane closure condition) | M | H |
Ramp closures/relocation | Can increase capacity by eliminating merging conflicts, smooth traffic flow; encourages diversion away from work zone at that location | M | M |
Freeway-to-freeway interchange closures | Can increase capacity by eliminating merging conflicts, smooth traffic flow; encourages diversion away from work zone at that location | L | L |
Night work | Capacity reductions occur when traffic volumes are lower | H | M |
Weekend work | Capacity reductions occur when traffic volumes are lower | H | M |
Work hour restrictions for peak travel | Capacity reductions occur when traffic volumes are lower | H | H |
Pedestrian/bicycle accommodations | Reduces traveler surprise to unexpected conditions; reduces public frustration and anxiety | L | L |
Business access improvements | Can increase capacity; reduces public frustration and anxiety | L | L |
Off-site detours/use of alternate routes | Causes additional diversion away from work zone beyond what would have occurred otherwise; can reduce other worker risks by provide more work space | H | L-H2 |
Project Coordination–Coordination with other projects | Increases network/corridor capacity by reducing multiple capacity reductions happening at the same time | H | M |
Project Coordination–Utilities coordination | Reduces the duration of the work zone | H | H |
Project Coordination–ROW coordination | Reduces the duration of the work zone | H | H |
Project Coordination–Coordination with other transportation infrastructure (e.g., rail transit, major generators) | Increases network/corridor capacity by reducing multiple capacity reductions happening at the same time on different parts of the infrastructure; can also involve doing capacity reductions when traffic volumes are lower (i.e., avoiding peak travel times of major generators) | H | M |
Contracting Strategies–Design-build | Reduces the duration of the work zone | M | M |
Contracting Strategies–A+B bidding | Reduces the duration of the work zone | M | M |
Contracting Strategies–Incentive/disincentive | Reduces the duration of the work zone | M | M |
Contracting Strategies–Lane rental | Capacity reductions occur when traffic volumes are lower | M | M |
Innovative construction techniques (e.g., precast members, rapid cure materials) | Reduces the duration of the work zone | M | M |
1 L = Low; M = Medium; H = High
2 Understanding of effectiveness of off-site detours and use of alternative routes depends on location and other factors, and so ranges from low to high
Transportation Management Plan Strategies | Types of Impacts | Frequency of Use1 | Current Understanding of Effectiveness1 |
---|---|---|---|
Brochures and mailers | Reduce public surprise to unexpected conditions; encourage additional travel diversion; encourage safer driving behavior through the work zone; reduce public frustration and anxiety | M | L |
Press releases/media alerts | Reduce public surprise to unexpected conditions; encourage additional travel diversion; encourage safer driving behavior through the work zone; reduce public frustration and anxiety | H | L |
Paid advertisements | Reduce public surprise to unexpected conditions; encourage additional travel diversion; encourage safer driving behavior through the work zone; reduce public frustration and anxiety | M | L |
Public information center | Reduce public surprise to unexpected conditions; encourage additional travel diversion; reduce public frustration and anxiety | M | L |
Telephone hotline | Reduce public surprise to unexpected conditions; encourage additional travel diversion; reduce public frustration and anxiety | L | L |
Planned lane closure map | Reduce public surprise to unexpected conditions; encourage additional travel diversion; reduce public frustration and anxiety | H | L |
Project website | Reduce public surprise to unexpected conditions; encourage additional travel diversion; reduce public frustration and anxiety | H | L |
Public meetings/hearings | Reduce public surprise to unexpected conditions; reduce public frustration and anxiety | M | L |
Community task forces | Reduce public surprise to unexpected conditions; reduce public frustration and anxiety | M | L |
Coordination with media/schools/ businesses/emergency services | Reduce public surprise to unexpected conditions; reduce public frustration and anxiety | H | L |
Work zone education and safety campaigns | Encourage safer driving behavior through the work zone | H | L |
Work zone highway safety signs | Encourage safer driving behavior through the work zone | H | L |
Rideshare promotion information | Encourage additional travel diversion | M | L |
Visual media information for meetings and web | Reduce public surprise to unexpected conditions; reduce public frustration and anxiety | M | L |
Traffic radio | Encourage additional travel diversion | H | L |
Changeable message signs | Reduce public surprise to unexpected conditions; encourage additional travel diversion; encourage safer driving behavior through the work zone; reduce public frustration and anxiety | H | L |
Temporary motorist information signs (e.g., status of project, number of fatalities) | Encourage safer driving behavior through the work zone; reduce public frustration and anxiety | H | L |
Dynamic speed display signs | Encourage safer driving behavior through the work zone | H | M |
Highway advisory radio | Reduce public surprise to unexpected conditions; encourage additional travel diversion; encourage safer driving behavior through the work zone; reduce public frustration and anxiety | L | L |
Highway information network (web-based) | Reduce public surprise to unexpected conditions; encourage additional travel diversion; reduce public frustration and anxiety | L | L |
511 traveler information system | Reduce public surprise to unexpected conditions; encourage additional travel diversion; reduce public frustration and anxiety | H | L |
Freight travel information | Encourage additional travel diversion; encourage safer driving behavior through the work zone | L | L |
Transportation management center | Support use of motorist information strategies to encourage change in driving behavior (route, departure time, trip location) | NA | NA |
1 L = Low; M = Medium; H = High; NA = Not Applicable
Transportation Management Plan (TMP) Strategies | Types of Impacts | Frequency of Use1 | Current Understanding of Effectiveness1 |
---|---|---|---|
Transit service improvements | Encourage additional travel diversion | M | M |
Transit incentives | Encourage additional travel diversion | M | M |
Shuttle services | Encourage additional travel diversion | M | M |
Ridesharing/carpool incentives | Encourage additional travel diversion | M | M |
Park-and-Ride promotions | Encourage additional travel diversion | M | M |
High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lanes | Encourage additional travel diversion | M | M |
Toll/congestion pricing (including High Occupancy Toll [HOT] lanes) | Encourage additional travel diversion; encourage safer driving behavior through the work zone | L | M |
Ramp metering | Increase traffic-carrying capacity through the work zone; encourage additional travel diversion; encourage safer driving behavior through the work zone | M | M |
Parking supply management | Encourage additional travel diversion | L | M |
Variable work hours | Encourage additional travel diversion | L | M |
Telecommuting | Encourage additional travel diversion | L | M |
Signal timing/coordination improvements | Increase traffic-carrying capacity on alternative routes; encourage additional travel diversion | H | H |
Temporary traffic signals | Encourage safer driving behavior on alternative routes | L | L |
Street/intersection improvements | Increase traffic-carrying capacity on alternative routes; encourage additional travel diversion | H | H |
Bus turnouts | Increase traffic-carrying capacity on alternative routes; encourage additional travel diversion | M | H |
Turn restrictions | Increase traffic-carrying capacity on alternative routes; encourage additional travel diversion | H | H |
Parking restrictions | Increase traffic-carrying capacity on alternative routes; encourage additional travel diversion | H | H |
Truck/heavy vehicle restrictions | Increase traffic-carrying capacity on alternative routes; encourage additional travel diversion | M | H |
Separate truck lanes | Increase traffic-carrying capacity on alternative routes; encourage additional travel diversion | L | H |
Reversible lanes | Increase traffic-carrying capacity on alternative routes; encourage additional travel diversion | M | H |
Dynamic lane closure (merge) system | Increase traffic-carrying capacity through the work zone; encourage safer driving behavior; reduce public anxiety and frustration | L | M |
Temporary suspension of ramp metering | Increase traffic-carrying capacity on alternative routes; reduce public anxiety and frustration | L | L |
Ramp closures | Increase traffic-carrying capacity through the work zone; encourage additional travel diversion; encourage safer driving behavior | M | L |
Railroad crossing controls | Encourage safer driving behavior | L | H |
Coordination with adjacent construction sites | Increases network/corridor capacity by reducing multiple capacity reductions happening at the same time | M | M |
Speed limit reductions/variable speed limits | Encourage safer driving behavior | H | L |
Temporary traffic barrier | Reduce severity of crashes between vehicles and work space | H | L |
Moveable traffic barrier | Reduce severity of crashes between vehicles and work space; allows capacity reductions to occur when traffic volumes are lower | M | M |
Crash cushions | Reduce consequences of crashes that do occur | H | H |
Temporary rumble strips | Encourage safer driving behavior | M | M |
Intrusion alarms | Reduce worker accidents | L | L |
Warning lights | Encourage safer driving behavior | H | L |
Automated flagger assistance devices | Reduce worker accidents | L | M |
Establishing project task force/committee | Support strategy to aid in identifying needs for other strategies | NA | NA |
Establishing construction safety supervisors/inspectors | Support strategy to aid in identifying needs for other strategies | NA | NA |
Work zone safety audits | Support strategy to aid in identifying needs for other strategies | NA | NA |
Establishing a TMP monitoring/inspection team | Support strategy to aid in identifying needs for other strategies | NA | NA |
Stakeholder meetings | Support strategy to aid in identifying needs for other strategies | NA | NA |
Project on-site safety training | Reduce worker accidents | H | L |
Safety awards/incentives | Reduce worker accidents | M | L |
Windshield surveys | Support strategy to aid in identifying needs for other strategies | NA | NA |
Implementing intelligent transportation system (ITS) for traffic monitoring/management (such as queue warning systems) | Increase traffic-carrying capacity through the work zone; encourage additional traveler diversion; encourage safer driving behavior; reduce public anxiety and frustration | M | M |
Using/enhancing existing transportation management center | Encourage additional traveler diversion; encourage safer driving behavior; reduce public anxiety and frustration | M | L |
Traffic surveillance | Support use of work zone ITS or existing transportation management center | NA | NA |
Helicopter for aerial surveillance | Support use of work zone ITS or existing transportation management center | NA | NA |
Location reference signs | Reduce the consequences of crashes that occur | H | L |
Tow/freeway service patrol | Reduce the consequences of crashes that occur | H | M |
Total station units | Reduce the consequences of crashes that occur | M | M |
Photogrammetry | Reduce the consequences of crashes that occur | M | M |
Coordination with media | Reduce the consequences of crashes that occur | H | L |
Preplanned local detour routes | Reduce the consequences of crashes that occur | M | H |
Contract support for incident management | Method of procuring incident management services | NA | NA |
Incident/emergency management coordinator | Support for incident management strategies | NA | NA |
Incident/emergency response plan | Reduce the consequences of crashes that occur | M | H |
Dedicated (paid) police enforcement | Encourage safer driving behavior through the work zone | H | M |
Automated enforcement | Encourage safer driving behavior through the work zone | L | M |
Increased penalties for work zone violations | Encourage safer driving behavior through the work zone | H | L |
1 L = Low; M = Medium; H = High; NA = Not Applicable
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